In the paper we propose a new approach to the safety ensurance for the distributed computer systems based on the neural network mechanism. There is described a complex adaptive safety support system with the intelligent agent based on the modified neural networks. This system allows to implement the adaptive control for the security mechanisms and to provide the in-time reaction to the security threats, and also to support the fast decisions making on the security mechanisms parameters modification. Also, we perform the experimental researches to evaluate the correctness level of the threats detection and recognition.